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Bulletin No. 31. 5, ola lea ap April 18, 1922. . 


COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 





DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL APRFAIRS 
James F, Woodward, Secretary 








nee 


BUREAU OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGICAL SURVLY 
George H, Ashley, State Geologist 








COAL RESERVES IN ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA 


BY 
John F. Reese 





Introdnuetion, 


In eccnnection with the "Introduction to the Bituminons Coal 
Pields of Pennsylvania” now being prepared for publication by the 
Permsyivania Geological Survey, coal’ reserves of the bituminous fields 
‘are being. competed by Mr, John F. Reese. In order to render this 
information available at once without waiting for the uncertain date 
of printing the report, an abstract of Mr. Reese's fizures for 
Atlegheny County is given herewith. AlI of the information readily 
aveilable at this time has been used in the computation, which 
followed the methods used by the Land Classification Board of the 
United States Geological Survey in its valuation of the’ public coal 
Jands, The results are given by becs for each township. For some 
beds and for some areas the data are abundant and the results entire- 

dy reliable, For other beds and areas the.data are meager and the 
results subject to revision as additional data are obtained. All the 
Cata used and the eomputation sheets are permanently filed so that 
modifications of the original figures can be made readily when re- 
quired by additionsl information, 


The figures presente? are preliminary and subject to correction 
for any area when that area shall be studied in detail. In the mean- 
wime critical examination of the figures is’ invited in order that the 
results may be made as accurate as possible, To that cnd the Survey 
Will welcome every bit of information not now in its possession. 
Records of drillings and other data will be kept strictly confiden- 


tial if so desired, although the Bureau naturally prefers to be able 
to use data freely. ) 


George H. Ashley. 









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Coal -Bods. 


Allesheny County has three coal beds that are of economic’value 
at the present time. In order of importance as shipping coals, they 
are the Pittsburgh, Upper Freeport, and Redstone. 


aoe Bittsbureh Coal. The extensive development and outerop of this 
becé th¥oughout the county.shave furnished many measurements of its 
thickness, and make possible an accurate and reliable computation of 
quantity. 


For some localities no informetion is available as to extent of 
minec out areas. An estimate of probable sie pene has been based 
upon age of devetoprént and the sige of surrounding overations in 
these. localities, or on the difference between original areas and 
statements of areas unnined,. 


Upper Freeport Coal. The area of this bed has been divided 
into what are called the “Thick Freevort and the Thin Freeport. 


From data avai lable, an accurate map of this bed has heen made, 
closely @efining the limits of the Thick Freeport coal; showing the 
"faulted" aren in the stutheastern part of the county, and showing 
the extent and general thickness range or the Thin Freeport within 
the county. | 


{Tne areas of thick and thin coal have been separated so as to 
make en estimate of quantity of coal in cach area, and to enable this 
Bureau in future to keen an accurate account of the quantity mined 
from these two fields. 


This-coal will assure grcater importance as an economic factor 
each year, due to rapid depletion of the Pittsburgh bed. 


Redstone Coal. This bed has been computed and considered of 
OSES aR Ri ORNS SER RT REa yer + < 
conomic imzortance in Six townships. 


A fair number of measurenents of its outcrop and in mines have 
made possible a fairly accurate estirate of quantity. 


A conservative percentage or recovery has been assumed for: this 
bed, because when the underlying Pittsburgh coal has been mined, the 
intervening rocks will cave, thus breaking this bed and making 
mecovery of this coal both difficult and costly. 


Other coal beds are mined for local vse, but as they are not 


important, and little is known of their ext ent and thickness, they 
have not been included in the commutation of the reserves. 


Method of Computing Reserves, 
A base map for each coal bed was mace by tracing its outcrop 


from the quadrangle maps made by the-U. S. Geological Survey. All 
availsble measurements of a eos bed, gathered from Federsl and State 


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. reports, mine maps, core drill records and personal inspections, were 
‘ plotted on the mat of that coal bed at the locality represented. By 
Studying the’distzribution of the figures, areas of equal thickness 
were plotted, and by means of a planimeter, an instrument for measur- 
ing plane areas, the area of each coal bed in each township was 
measured. The wit used for calculating the quantity of coal was 
90,000 short tons per inch of bed per square mile of area. 


Worked-out areas were determined from mine maps and plotted to 
Scale on the base maps. ‘The sare method as above was used for com- 
puting the quantity of coal extracted. 


Having calculated the quantity of coal originally contained 
Within the area of any bed and subtracted the quantity already mined 
out, the writer determined from engineering exnerience the probable 
percentage of each bed which conld be recovered in different locali-+- 
ties, This varies from 60 to 90 per cent, deponding on the thickness 
and-character of the bed, The quantity of coal computed to be in any 
bed, multiplied by the assumed percsntage of recovery, less 15 per 
cent for loss in mining, gives the estimated recoverable tonnage. 


Coal Reserves, 
The total area of Allegheny County is 746.7 square miles. 


The result of computing the coal reserves in Allegheny County 
based on the latest maps, engineering data, and methods is shown in 
the accompanying tables. 


One table gives the estimated recoverable tonnage by beds and 
tommships. The figures have been given as computed. It should 
however be distinctly understood that-:while the acreage of each of 
the beds has been accurately computed, the reliability of the average 
thickness of the coals used in the computation of tonnage decreases 
for the beds inthe order following: Pittsburgh, Unver Preeport, and 
Redstone. Thus, while the figures for the Pittsburgh bed are con- 
servative and probably reliable, the figures for the Redstone coal 
may be much too small or many tires too large. 


Detailed tables of the coal reserves in each township have been 
prepared and will appear in printed form in the report now being 
written on the bituminous coal fields of the State. They can be con- 
sulted in the office of the Survey; or figures for a single township 
Will be sent on request. 


Coal Reserves in Allegheny County in Short Tons 














1,486 ,900, 000 






Bed Original Deposit Mined out Recoverable 
Pittsburgh 1,240;800;000 877-900;000 . — 280-100;000 
Thick Freeport 818 ;800; 000 72; 100 ; 9000 570,300 ; 000 
Thin Freeport 9615800 ; 000 16 ;200 5; 000: 557 ,300 ; O00 
Redstone — 159/000’ 000 3’ 000/000 79° 260,000 

Total B.180,400,000 969,800,000 


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